The implementation of a firewall on the network edge may prevent reconnaissance attacks from the Internet, but attacks within the local network are not prevented. A configured open resolver exposed to the Internet allows anyone to send DNS queries to the resolver. What are two security features commonly found in a WAN design? ! Threat defense includes a firewall and intrusion prevention system (IPS). When the DNS guard, DNS ID randomization, DNS ID mismatch, and DNS protocol enforcement functions for the DNS application inspection feature are enabled, the show service-policy inspect command will identify the number of DNS packets inspected or dropped by these functions and this feature. Resource utilization attacks on DNS open resolvers consume resources on the device. Letters of the message are rearranged randomly. The username and password would be easily captured if the data transmission is intercepted. From the root zone, the DNS hierarchy is then split into sub-domain (branches) zones. Cisco reserves the right to change or update this document without notice at any time. Which security implementation will provide management plane protection for a network device? Enabling DNS guard through either the command line DNS Guard function or DNS application inspection provides preventive controls against DNS cache poisoning attacks. UDP is a connectionless protocol and, as such, it can be easily spoofed. Attackers analyze the transaction ID values generated by the DNS implementation to create an algorithm that can be used to predict the next DNS transaction ID used for a query message. By combining these resolver functions on a single DNS server and allowing the server to be accessible via the Internet, malicious users could employ the authoritative DNS server in amplification attacks or easily poison the DNS cache. Explanation: Confidentiality ensures that data is accessed only by authorized individuals. In loose mode Unicast RPF, if the source address of a packet is reachable through any interface on the Unicast RPF enabled device, the packet is permitted. The tunnel configuration was established and can be tested with extended pings. Cisco Secure Firewall ASA New Features by Release -Release Notes: Cisco Secure Firewall ASA New Features by Release ASA provides protection against CSRF attacks for WebVPN handlers. Each attack has unique identifiable attributes. )if(typeof ez_ad_units!='undefined'){ez_ad_units.push([[300,250],'itexamanswers_net-medrectangle-3','ezslot_9',167,'0','0'])};__ez_fad_position('div-gpt-ad-itexamanswers_net-medrectangle-3-0'); 2. 75. 102. A single superview can be shared among multiple CLI views. 106. 92. For example, an ASA CLI command can be executed regardless of the current configuration mode prompt. Tracking the connection allows only return traffic to be permitted through the firewall in the opposite direction. switchport TCP, UDP) and source and destination interface and IP address, and the port block. Which conclusion can be made from the show crypto map command output that is shown on R1? (Choose two.). last clearing of statistics never Authoritative and recursive resolvers have different primary functions. Prevent endpoints from connecting to websites with bad reputations by immediately blocking connections based on the latest reputation intelligence. What are two evasion methods used by hackers? This provides nonrepudiation of the act of publishing. What ports can receive forwarded traffic from an isolated port that is part of a PVLAN? Refer to the exhibit. The MD5 message digest algorithm is still widely in use. What does the option link3 indicate? R1(config)# crypto isakmp key cisco123 address 209.165.200.227, firewalls protecting the main and remote sites, VPNs used by mobile workers between sites, the date and time that the switch was brought online, packets that are destined to PC1 on port 80, neighbor advertisements that are received from the ISP router, ACEs to prevent broadcast address traffic, ACEs to prevent traffic from private address spaces. Use a Syslog server to capture network traffic. hostname R2. To increase UDP timeouts, navigate to the Firewall Settings, then Flood Protection. Which three statements are generally considered to be best practices in the placement of ACLs? The following steps provide information on how to disable recursion for the DNS Server service using the Windows User Interface (UI). Both port 80, HTTP traffic, and port 443, HTTPS traffic, are explicitly permitted by the ACL. It includes coverage of advance exploits by using the research work of the Cisco Talos security experts. This subscription is fully supported by Cisco. 61. 58. ACLs can also be used to identify traffic that requires NAT and QoS services. For more information about the sections of a DNS message, their format, and the fields they contain, consultRFC 1035, Section 4., Messages. 119. 5. Lastly, enable SSH on the vty lines on the router. Man-in-the-middle and brute force attacks are both examples of access attacks, and a SYN flood is an example of a denial of service (DoS) attack. Which data loss mitigation technique could help with this situation? This technique can be used for storing malicious RR information in the cache of a resolver for an extended period of time. This function is enabled by default with a limit of 512 bytes. UDP-TFTP 491 0.0 1 76 0.0 0.5 59.5 Explanation: Stateful firewalls cannot prevent application layer attacks because they do not examine the actual contents of the HTTP connection. It protects the switched network from receiving BPDUs on ports that should not be receiving them. Cisco ESA includes many threat protection capabilities for email such as spam protection, forged email detection, and Cisco advanced phishing protection. Chapter Title. CLI views have passwords, but superviews do not have passwords. 86. http://www.caida.org/tools/utilities/dnsstat/. An example is a 'DNS Referral Response Message', in which the Answer section is empty, but the Authority and Additional sections are present and contain RR information. 125. Explanation: OOB management provides a dedicated management network without production traffic. Which two statements describe the effect of the access control list wildcard mask 0.0.0.15? Explanation: Extended ACLs should be placed as close as possible to the source IP address, so that traffic that needs to be filtered does not cross the network and use network resources. Only connect to trusted networks.Keep the device OS and other software updated.Backup any data stored on the device.Subscribe to a device locator service with a remote wipe feature.Provide antivirus software for approved BYODs.Use Mobile Device Management (MDM) software that allows IT teams to track the device and implement security settings and software controls. The certificate revocation list (CRL) and Online Certificate Status Protocol (OCSP), are two common methods to check a certificate revocation status. If the resolver is a recursive or open resolver, then it can distribute the RRs for the malicious host to many resolver clients, thus allowing use for malicious activities. Attackers can also use long TTL values for RRs so that DNS resolvers will cache the information received in the query response message for an extended period of time. R1 will open a separate connection to the TACACS server on a per source IP address basis for each authentication session. These RFCs were made obsolete byRFC 1034andRFC 1035and have been updated by multiple RFCs over the years. 94. 132. These messages provide additional information about denied packets. A researcher is comparing the differences between a stateless firewall and a proxy firewall. A tool that builds statistics based on DNS traffic seen on the network. 45. (Choose three.). With ZPF, the router will allow packets unless they are explicitly blocked. 17. 151. IPS Signature 4004/0 (Signature Name: DNS Flood Attack) can be specifically used to detect potential DNS Cache Poisoning, Reflection, or Amplification attacks. A tool that attempts to collect all possible information available for a domain. Labels are constructed from right to left, where the label at the far right is the top level domain (TLD) for the domain name. Cisco ASA includes SYN flood protection in other ways. Explanation: Data integrity guarantees that the message was not altered in transit. What two features are added in SNMPv3 to address the weaknesses of previous versions of SNMP? BIND also allows operators the ability to select which addresses on the DNS server will provide answers from the DNS cache using the 'allow-query-cache-on' configuration option. 51. What is a characteristic of a role-based CLI view of router configuration? Explanation: Traffic originating from the public network and traveling toward the DMZ is selectively permitted and inspected. What will be displayed in the output of the show running-config object command after the exhibited configuration commands are entered on an ASA 5506-X? Which three services are provided through digital signatures? The four 1s represented by the decimal value of 15 represents the four bits to ignore. All devices must have open authentication with the corporate network. If a private key is used to encrypt the data, a private key must be used to decrypt the data. Depending on the perspective one possesses, state-sponsored hackers are either white hat or black hat operators. Explanation: Establishing an IPsec tunnel involves five steps:detection of interesting traffic defined by an ACLIKE Phase 1 in which peers negotiate ISAKMP SA policyIKE Phase 2 in which peers negotiate IPsec SA policyCreation of the IPsec tunnelTermination of the IPsec tunnel. 80. command extracts syslog messages from the logging buffer on the firewall. It inspects voice protocols to ensure that SIP, SCCP, H.323, and MGCP requests conform to voice standards. The following table lists the DNS specific signatures provided on the Cisco IPS appliance with signature pack S343. 1 chunk, 1 chunk added Refer to the exhibit. Techniques are shared that can be used to prevent these types of activities. During the configuration of BIND for Unix and Linux based systems, it is recommended that operators use/dev/randomwith the--with-randomdev=PATHargument to theconfigurescript./dev/randomis a special file used for generating random numbers, also known as random number generator (RNG) or pseudorandom number generator (PRNG). What three types of attributes or indicators of compromise are helpful to share? One approach for controlling what DNS queries are permitted to exit the network under an operators control is to only allow DNS queries sourced from the internal recursive DNS resolvers. This traffic is permitted with little or no restriction. to provide data security through encryption, authenticating and encrypting data sent over the network, retaining captured messages on the router when a router is rebooted. Also, the dynamic keyword in the nat command indicates that it is a dynamic mapping. What is typically used to create a security trap in the data center facility? What network testing tool can be used to identify network layer protocols running on a host? The first 32 bits of a supplied IP address will be matched. It is possible to use different regular expressions with thegrepkeyword to search for specific data in the logged messages. Refer to the exhibit. Another multifaceted technique used by attackers is to rapidly change hostname to IP address mappings for both DNS A (address) RRs and DNS NS (name server) RRs, creating a Double-Flux (DF) network. 136. Refer to the exhibit. A company has a file server that shares a folder named Public. The only traffic denied is echo-replies sourced from the 192.168.10.0/24 network. Words of the message are substituted based on a predetermined pattern. The VPN is static and stays established. You have to finish following quiz, to start this quiz: document.getElementById("ak_js_1").setAttribute("value",(new Date()).getTime()); document.getElementById("ak_js_2").setAttribute("value",(new Date()).getTime()); An administrator defined a local user account with a secret password on router R1 for use with SSH. A company has several sales offices distributed within a city. (Choose two.). Match the IPS alarm type to the description. More information is available in theSecuring the DNS Server serviceorSecurity Information for DNSdocumentation. ACLs provide network traffic filtering but not encryption. Which parameter can be used in extended ACLs to meet this requirement? Explanation: Snort is a NIDS integrated into Security Onion. Secure Copy Protocol (SCP) conducts the authentication and file transfer under SSH, thus the communication is encrypted. installing the maximum amount of memory possible. Flaws have been discovered in DNS where the implementations do not provide sufficient entropy in the randomization of DNS transaction IDs when issuing queries. Management plane: Responsible for managing network devices. The traffic is selectively denied based on service requirements. 128. (Choose two.). Which statement is a feature of HMAC? Attackers use this exploitation technique to redirect users from legitimate sites to malicious sites or to inform the DNS resolver to use a malicious name server (NS) that is providing RR information used for malicious activities. Only a root user can add or remove commands. (Choose two. The use of 3DES within the IPsec framework is an example of which of the five IPsec building blocks? 141. ), access-list 3 permit 192.168.10.128 0.0.0.63, access-list 1 permit 192.168.10.0 0.0.0.127, access-list 4 permit 192.168.10.0 0.0.0.255, access-list 2 permit host 192.168.10.9access-list 2 permit host 192.168.10.69, access-list 5 permit 192.168.10.0 0.0.0.63access-list 5 permit 192.168.10.64 0.0.0.63. Which algorithm can ensure data integrity? 152. (Choose two.). The threshold for this function is set by theid-mismatchparameters submode command for policy-map type inspect dns. ! deny ip 10.0.0.0 0.255.255.255 any The DNS guard function inspects and tears down an existing DNS connection associated with a DNS query as soon as the first DNS response message is received and forwarded by the firewall. Explanation: The access list LIMITED_ACCESS will block ICMPv6 packets from the ISP. Explanation: Snort IPS mode can perform all the IDS actions plus the following: Drop Block and log the packet. Reject Block the packet, log it, and then send a TCP reset if the protocol is TCP or an ICMP port unreachable message if the protocol is UDP. Sdrop Block the packet but do not log it. Additional information about application layer protocol inspection is available inConfiguring Application Layer Protocol Inspection. It is an important source of the alert data that is indexed in the Sguil analysis tool. 26. Explanation: The pass action performed by Cisco IOS ZPF permits forwarding of traffic in a manner similar to the permit statement in an access control list. Which type of firewall is supported by most routers and is the easiest to implement? so that the switch stops forwarding traffic, so that legitimate hosts cannot obtain a MAC address, so that the attacker can execute arbitrary code on the switch. Unicast Reverse Path Forwarding (Unicast RPF) is a feature that can reduce the effectiveness of packets with spoofed source addresses. (Choose two.). An IDS needs to be deployed together with a firewall device, whereas an IPS can replace a firewall. When describing malware, what is a difference between a virus and a worm? (Choose two.). Match the IPS alarm type to the description. Labels are separated with "." While it can detect and filter some spoofed traffic, Unicast RPF does not provide complete protection against spoofing because spoofed and valid packets with the same source address may arrive on the same interface. Refer to the exhibit. Refer to the exhibit. The logging service stores messages in a logging buffer that is time-limited, and cannot retain the information when a router is rebooted. to generate network intrusion alerts by the use of rules and signatures. It copies traffic that passes through a switch interface and sends the data directly to a syslog or SNMP server for analysis. (Choose two. There can only be one statement in the network object. SIEM is used to provide real-time reporting of security events on the network. Additional information about this syslog message is available inCisco Security Appliance System Log Message - 410002. Operators can use the 'allow-recursion-on' configuration option to select which addresses on the DNS server will accept recursive DNS queries. The analyst has just downloaded and installed the Snort OVA file. Both IDS and IPS can use signature-based technology to detect malicious packets. Firewall syslog message410002will be generated when the firewall detects a high rate of DNS responses with a mismatched DNS transaction ID. With HIPS, the success or failure of an attack cannot be readily determined. Explanation: The IPsec framework uses various protocols and algorithms to provide data confidentiality, data integrity, authentication, and secure key exchange. The level of isolation can be specifiedwith three types of PVLAN ports: Promiscuous ports that can forward traffic to all other ports Isolated ports that can only forward traffic to promiscuous ports Community ports that can forward traffic to other community ports and promiscuous ports. Which two characteristics apply to role-based CLI access superviews? Firewall syslog message106007will be generated when the firewall detects that a DNS response message has already been received for a DNS query message and the connection entry has been torn down by the DNS guard function. The DNS transaction ID is a 16-bit field in the Header section of a DNS message. Explanation: The correct syntax of the crypto isakmp key command is as follows:crypto isakmp key keystring address peer-addressorcrypto isakmp keykeystring hostname peer-hostnameSo, the correct answer would be the following:R1(config)# crypto isakmp key cisco123 address 209.165.200.227R2(config)# crypto isakmp key cisco123 address 209.165.200.226, 143. 34. Which two ACLs, if applied to the G0/1 interface of R2, would permit only the two LAN networks attached to R1 to access the network that connects to R2 G0/1 interface? The default action of shutdown is recommended because the restrict option might fail if an attack is underway. Employ ping sweeps. Explanation: After a user is successfully authenticated (logged into the server), the authorization is the process of determining what network resources the user can access and what operations (such as read or edit) the user can perform. NAT can be implemented between connected networks. Fix the ACE statements so that it works as desired inbound on the interface. Other operating system implementations of/dev/randomare different and operators should consult the vendors operating system documentation for details on its implementation. These sections also contain information about the question (query messages) a device is asking or answers (response messages) a device may be providing. The following subsections will provide an overview of these features and the capabilities they can provide. The opposite is also true. This message indicates that the interface should be replaced. A corporate network is using NTP to synchronize the time across devices. AES and 3DES are two encryption algorithms. ), What are the three components of an STP bridge ID? Explanation: By using a superview an administrator can assign users or groups of users to CLI views which contain a specific set of commands those users can access. 89. deny ip 192.168.0.0 0.0.255.255 any Which two additional layers of the OSI model are inspected by a proxy firewall? A security policy requiring passwords to be changed in a predefined interval further defend against the brute-force attacks. It is possible to use different regular expressions with the. Metasploit provides information about vulnerabilities and aids in penetration testing and IDS signature development. *0035will display the related NetFlow records as shown here: Tables 3 and 4 list tools and resources that provide more information on DNS. Which two tasks are associated with router hardening? An advantage of an IDS is that by working offline using mirrored traffic, it has no impact on traffic flow. (Not all options are used. ), Match each SNMP operation to the corresponding description. DNSSEC specifications, implementation, and operational information is defined in multiple RFCs. Match the security term to the appropriate description. ACLs are used primarily to filter traffic. DNS Cache Poisoning Attack:A high rate of DNS traffic with a source port of 53 (attacker) destined to a DNS server on your network (attack target). (Choose two.). Both use Cisco Talos to provide coverage in advance of exploits. 101. Example output for show service-policy inspect dns follows. separate authentication and authorization processes. Install the OVA file. Step 3. 31. DH (Diffie-Hellman) is an algorithm that is used for key exchange. The ACL has not been applied to an interface. In general, the following traffic profiles will be associated with these types of attacks; however it is important to note, that depending on NetFlow monitoring location, Network or Port address translation (NAT or PAT) and other variables that these are not absolutes. A network administrator has configured NAT on an ASA device. Letters of the message are rearranged based on a predetermined pattern. Which threat protection capability is provided by Cisco ESA? These controls are described in the following sections. What statement describes the risk of access to cloud storage devices? Download Free PDF. Enable IPS globally or on desired interfaces. Step 7. 139. Information about configuring syslog for the Cisco ASA 5500 Series Adaptive Security Appliance or the Cisco PIX 500 Series Security Appliance is available inConfiguring Logging on the Cisco Security Appliance. Each domain name is composed of one or more labels. To prevent a DNS server from storing RR information in the cache of the resolver for the value of the TTL received in the DNS query response message, the following options configurations can be used for BIND. What is the purpose of mobile device management (MDM) software? Which security feature or device would more likely be used within a CAN than a SOHO or data center? 72. Although it shares some common features with the router IOS, it has its unique features. Explanation: Reconnaissance attacks attempt to gather information about the targets. After authentication succeeds, normal traffic can pass through the port. Traffic originating from the DMZ network going to the inside network is permitted. Explanation: According to the show crypto map command output, all required SAs are in place, but no interface is currently using the crypto map. Use VLAN 1 as the native VLAN on trunk ports. Commands cannot be added directly to a superview but rather must be added to a CLI view and the CLI view added to the superview. Flaws have been discovered in DNS where the implementations do not provide sufficient entropy in the randomization of the UDP source port when issuing queries. Vulnerability scanning is used to find weaknesses and misconfigurations on network systems. The class maps configuration object uses match criteria to identify interesting traffic. IP Sub Flow Cache, 336520 bytes (Choose two.). Additional information about filtering unused addresses is available at theBogon Reference Page. The NetFlow records indicate that IP address 192.168.5.5 responded with one legitimate DNS response message, however IP address 192.168.3.6 returned multiple DNS response messages at the same time with incrementing UDP destination ports and a UDP source port value of 53 (hex value 0x0035). Which type of cryptographic key should be used in this scenario? Using either of the previous configuration examples for the DNS Server service will disable recursion for all resolvers sending recursive DNS queries to the server. Explanation: The characteristics of a DMZ zone are as follows:Traffic originating from the inside network going to the DMZ network is permitted.Traffic originating from the outside network going to the DMZ network is selectively permitted.Traffic originating from the DMZ network going to the inside network is denied. OOB management requires the creation of VPNs. A recently created ACL is not working as expected. Which three statements are generally considered to be best practices in the placement of ACLs? Which type of firewall is the most common and allows or blocks traffic based on Layer 3, Layer 4, and Layer 5 information? Note:The source port field for the UDP protocol is only 16 bits in length, so this value can range from 0 through 65535. Explanation: An application gateway firewall, also called a proxy firewall, filters information at Layers 3, 4, 5, and 7 of the OSI model. 108. What port state is used by 802.1X if a workstation fails authorization? 99. Area string router-LSA of length number bytes plus update overhead bytes is too large to flood. The DNS protocol specification and implementation was originally defined in. RADIUS provides encryption of the complete packet during transfer. Explanation: A keyed-hash message authentication code (HMAC or KHMAC) is a type of message authentication code (MAC). Which method is used to identify interesting traffic needed to create an IKE phase 1 tunnel? Cisco Secure Firewall ASA Series Syslog Messages . This feature is available beginning with software release 7.2(1) for Cisco ASA and Cisco PIX Firewalls. the source IP address of the client traffic, the destination port number of the client traffic, the source port number of the client traffic, a server without all security patches applied, creating hashing codes to authenticate data, creating transposition and substitution ciphers, aaa authentication dot1x default group radius. alert tcp $HOME_NET any -> $EXTERNAL_NET $HTTP_PORTS. 104. verified attack traffic is generating an alarmTrue positive, normal user traffic is not generating an alarmTrue negative, attack traffic is not generating an alarmFalse negative, normal user traffic is generating an alarmFalse positive. Consider the access list command applied outbound on a router serial interface. ! Explanation: The task to ensure that only authorized personnel can open a file is data confidentiality, which can be implemented with encryption. A security service company is conducting an audit in several risk areas within a major corporation. Active flows timeout in 2 minutes 157342957 ager polls, 0 flow alloc failures (Choose two.). Cisco Secure network security products include firewalls, intrusion prevention systems, secure access systems, security analytics, and malware defense. Browse our listings to find jobs in Germany for expats, including jobs for English speakers or those in your native language. For this low-price tag, the Mikrotik hEX RB750Gr3 packs some powerful features that you will find only in high-end devices.. 95. These configurations are applied in the 'named.conf' configuration file. DH is a public key exchange method and allows two IPsec peers to establish a shared secret key over an insecure channel. What will be the result of failed login attempts if the following command is entered into a router? DNS uses transaction IDs (TXID) for tracking queries and responses to queries. 29. ZPF allows interfaces to be placed into zones for IP inspection. hostname R1R2(config)# crypto isakmp key 5tayout! 15. Decisions on placing ACLs inbound or outbound are dependent on the requirements to be met. Explanation: Many network attacks can be prevented by sharing information about indicators of compromise (IOC). In an AAA-enabled network, a user issues the configure terminal command from the privileged executive mode of operation. Failures on the production network may not be communicated to the OOB network administrator because the OOB management network may not be affected. What function is provided by Snort as part of the Security Onion? (Choose two.). A network administrator is configuring AAA implementation on an ASA device. ip access-group ACL-ANTISPOOF-IN in Note:Team Cymrualso provides aSecure BIND Templatethat operators can use as a guide for hardening their DNS servers. Refer to the exhibit. (Choose two.). Some of these flaws are presented in this document to inform operators how they can be used maliciously. Explanation: VLAN hopping attacks rely on the attacker being able to create a trunk link with a switch. The normalizer always sees the SYN packet as the first packet in a flow unless Cisco ASA is in loose mode because of failover. 53 What is the next step in the establishment of an IPsec VPN after IKE Phase 1 is complete? Note that there are situations where sections of the DNS message may be empty. By default, traffic will only flow from a higher security level to a lower. If a CSRF attack is detected, a user is notified by warning messages. The two ACEs of permit 192.168.10.0 0.0.0.63 and permit 192.168.10.64 0.0.0.63 allow the same address range through the router. ! parameters Public and private keys may be used interchangeably. Match the ASA special hardware modules to the description. Table 2. Explanation: Privilege levels may not provide desired flexibility and specificity because higher levels always inherit commands from lower levels, and commands with multiple keywords give the user access to all commands available for each keyword. Which two options can limit the information discovered from port scanning? 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