When this happens, I have to bounce the tunnel until the ASA is once again the Initiator. With VPNs into Azure you connect to a Virtual Network Gateway, of which there are TWO types Policy Based, and Route Based. In that case would you still need to use SLA to alter the route or would the interface go down with a loss of connectivity to Azure and fail down to the next higher cost route? No the VTI just terminates the GRE end in the ASA, the other end of the tunnel is in the cloud security gateway. I am curious if you assign IP address on the ASA that is on 10.0.200.0/29 if the tunnel would work. interface: port1 (3) In terms of routers or. These are recommendations from Azure. Sorry, something went wrong. This routing statement is placed in the routing table of the firewall/router such as any other static/dynamic/connected routes. ????? On the Create New VPN Topology window, navigate to the Node B section and click the green plus button to add the remote endpoint traffic selector. PSK: 30 chars alphanumeric, generated with a password generator! Fullikev1 debug procedure and analysis can be foundhere. This document describes the concepts and configuration for a VPN between CiscoASA and Cisco Secure Firewall and Microsoft Azure Cloud Services. The information that conflicts IKEv2 attribute from Microsoft is visible here. Then i should choose outside interface. Check your VPN device specifications. Click OK on the Add Endpoint window. Step 2. Designed 10 gigabit networks using Cisco Nexus 7000 series switches, Checkpoint R77.10 firewall and Cisco 3800 series routers. backgroud: my tunnel was working without tunnel interface with a different internet link. Configure the crypto map and apply it to the outside interface, which has these components: The peer IP address The defined access list that contains the traffic of interest The TS The configuration does not set Perfect Forward Secrecy (PFS) since publicly available Azure documentation states that PFS is disabled for IKEv1 in Azure. Route-based VPN, that is: numbered tunnel interface and real route entries for the network (s) to the other side. Give the tunnel a name > Site-to-Site IPSec > Select your Local Network Gateway (ASA) > Create a pre-shared-key (you will need this for the ASA config!) SK_ai: Using VTI does away with the need to configure static crypto map access lists and map them to interfaces. Create a tunnel group under the IPsec attributes and configure the peer IP address and the IKEv2 local and remote tunnel pre-shared key: Step 7. R1#conf t Enter configuration commands, one per line. For further clarification, contact Microsoft Azure support. In this example, the traffic of interest is the traffic from the tunnel that is sourced from the 10.2.2.0 subnet to 10.1.1.0. set ip6-send-adv enable Required fields are marked *. set dhgrp 21 Define the Node B endpoint, which in this example, is the Azure endpoint. Microsoft has published information that conflicts with regard to the particular phase 2 IPSeclifetime and PFSattributes used by Azure. For further clarification contact Microsoft Azure support. Cisco ASA Site-to-Site VPN Example (IKEv1 and IKEv2). In this post I will cover all the steps necessary to install ESXi on your computer, Configure Policy-Based and Route-Based VPN from ASA and FTD to Microsoft Azure. Overview Back on the IPSec tab, configure the desired Lifetime Duration and Size. Our local subnet is 10.1.0.0/22. As a reminder, Oracle provides different configurations based on the ASA software: 9.7.1 or newer: Route-based configuration (this topic) 8.5 to 9.7.0: Policy-based configuration It was a long-due release especially if you are working with multi-vendor VPNs. Out of these, the cookies that are categorized as necessary are stored on your browser as they are essential for the working of basic functionalities of the website. You mentioned that cryto maps are no longer needed, If you have multiple VPN Route-based ikev2 tunnels are is it ok to see, local and remote selector as 0.0.0.0/0, Child sa: local selector 0.0.0.0/0 255.255.255.255/65535 Following your example, if you need to use 192.168.100.0/24, you can set as local encryption domain 192.168.100/23 and use 192.168.101.253/30 for your tunnel interface, routing to 192.168.101.254. ASA Route-Based VPN (VTI) with Fortigate Firewall Customer had a question about creating a route-based VPN between a Cisco ASA and a Fortigate. Here is the config: crypto keyring KEY_RING pre-shared-key address 192.168.200.2 key fortigate. Note: The phase 1 IKEv1 attributes listed are provided best effort from this publicly available Microsoft document. config vpn ipsec phase2-interface When using StackWise Virtual, What if I tell you that configuring a site-to-site VPN between Palo Alto and ASA is easier than you may, Overview dst: 0:0.0.0.0/0.0.0.0:0 I can switch the order of the address spaces, the first one in the list will get generated with the traffic selectors for the tunnel. config ipv6 When configured, this requires you to define a custom IPSec Policy in Azure for the connection and then apply the policy and the Use Traffic Policy Selectors option to the connection. Step 14. Then distributing BGP into EIGRP, applying appropriate distribution filters and metrics where needed, and it works pretty good. encryption aes-gcm-256 If source traffic is seen but reply traffic from Azure is absent, continue on to verify why. Cisco 9500 StackWise Virtual Configuration, Site-to-Site VPN between Palo Alto and Cisco ASA, Cisco ASA Active/Passive Failover Configuration Example. The tunnel works great, so long as the ASA is the Initiator. It is set up same as yours not sure what is going on here. spi: 8185487b tunnel protection ipsec profile ipsec-prop-vpn, crypto ipsec ikev2 ipsec-proposal AES-256-GCM It is also necessary to create appropriate ACLs on both ASAs to allow traffic from between local networks (192.168.10.0/24 for ciscolab-asa-01 and 192.168.20.0/24 for ciscolab-asa-02): set dst-addr-type name I'm very excited to start blogging and share with you insights about my favourite Networking, Cloud and Automation topics. Pete, thanks for this great article. remote-gateway: 1.1.1.1:4500 (static) Step 5. Create a Site-to-Site policy. Verify that the traffic received on ASA inside interface is properly processed by ASA and routed into the VPN:To simulate an ICMP echo request:packet-tracer input [inside-interface-name] icmp [inside-host-ip] 8 0 [azure-host-ip] detailFull packet-tracer usage guidelines can be found here: https://community.cisco.com:443/t5/security-knowledge-base/troubleshooting-access-problems-using-packet-tracer/ta-p/3114976. Our ultimate goal here is to set up a site-to-site VPN between the Branch Office and the Headquarters. Step 2.2. the zone commands <- can be omitted if you arent using zones), or via classical CLI commands: (The ACL is omitted. As always great article quick question? edit KG-Main It is mandatory to procure user consent prior to running these cookies on your website. Cisco Asa Site To Site Vpn Nat Configuration , Vpn Downloaf, Vpn Pubg, Cyberghost 6 5 2 Ddl, Avis Forum Cyberghost, Nordvpn Can T Connect To Amazon, Utiliser Chromecast Avec Un Vpn . The last thing to do, is tell the firewall to route the traffic for Azure though the VTI.Note: The last octet in the destination IP is different from the VTI IP! Step 11. Configure route-based VPN tunnel on Cisco ASA In this article we explain how to configure a basic route-based site-2-site VPN tunnel Nenad Karlovcec Jun 3, 2022 2 min read Route-based tunnels are preferred when creating a site-to-site VPN tunnel to Azure. Phase 2 IPSecattribute information from Microsoft that conflicts isvisible here. >. Type escape sequence to abort. auto-negotiate: disable Configured Site to Site IPsec VPN tunnels to peer with different clients and each of client having different specifications of Phase 1 and Phase 2 policies using Cisco ASA 5500 series firewalls. The cloud vendor is not able to reach us when they initiate the connection? End with CNTL/Z. Then, click on Save . On the New Network Object window, specify the name of the object and choose accordingly host/range/network/FQDN and click Save . Navigate to the Protected Networks section and click on the green plus button to add a new object. ACL needed to allow traffic between local networks. Can be used with Cisco ASA OS (pre 8.4) IKEv1 only. (And I work for a cloud provider, (that isnt Azure!)). If ike-common debugs show the crypto process is triggered, debug the IKE configured version to view tunnel negotiation messages and identify where the failure occurs in tunnel-building with Azure. Each site has its own Internet connection. Route-based VPN is an alternative to policy-based VPN where a VPN tunnel can be created between peers with Virtual Tunnel Interfaces. set peertype any Step 18. set vdom root protocol esp encryption aes-gcm-256 Cisco Secure Firewall or Firepower Threat Defense (FTD) managed by FMC (Firepower Management Center) supports route-based VPN with the use of VTIs in versions 6.7 and later. If it works it works, but I wish it had to follow some networking logic. Step 8. auth: null, nameif tunnel-int Check your email for magic link to sign-in. I think there is a wrong title just before the phrase Im using 9.9(2)36, VTIs are supported on 9.7, The title reads Configure the Cisco ASA for Policy Based Azure VPN but it should be Route Based. Step 1. Welcome back! What if I tell you that configuring site to site VPN on the Cisco ASA only requires around 15 lines of configuration. With VTI, deployments become much easier to manage. Richard J Green: Azure Route-Based VPN to Cisco ASA 5505 Kasperk.it: Cisco ASA Route-Based Site-to-Site VPN to Azure PeteNetLive: Microsoft Azure To Cisco ASA Site to Site VPN What I found is a difference in the base ASA software requirements. For a site-to-site IKEv2 Route Based VPN on ASA code, follow this configuration. status: established 453-452s ago = 190ms lifetime seconds 86400, tunnel-group 2.2.2.2 type ipsec-l2l Thank goodness for that. "route based" VPN with Cisco ASA I saw an discussion in CCIE Security study group, if it is possible to build a vpn between a cisco asa and cisco router with VTI interface and ipsec. In Azure, I have two networks (on-prem) defined in the local network gateway. Step 19. Step 4. VPN tunnel is not yet established but is in negotiation. !!!!! enc: aes-gc 25bac2347c208ddf5fe6b317bd8a670727bd041564cf0618951d3b31142d0f6c9f50b735 All branches can reach the Azure subnet since the encryption domain has the on-prem networks summarized with a /16 prefix. OK, if youre used to networking this can be a little confusing, we are going to create a virtual network, and in it we are going to put a virtual subnet, (yes I know this is odd, bear with me!) These 2 Commands has to be executed to allow inbound traffic. Now you need to create a Local Security Gateway. All of the devices used in this document started with a cleared (default) configuration. Now let's see a brief description of each VPN Type. Necessary cookies are absolutely essential for the website to function properly. Child sa: local selector 0.0.0.0/0 255.255.255.255/65535 Exceptions may be present in the documentation due to language that is hardcoded in the user interfaces of the product software, language used based on RFP documentation, or language that is used by a referenced third-party product. . IPsec SA created: 1/1 established: 1/1 time: 0/0/0 ms, id/spi: 122 804a845040348628/43b80f11e4259ad4 I used your guide for assistance. Currently I have a main office connected through WAN links with five branches. On the IKEV1 IPsec Proposal window, add your new IPsec policy to the Selected Transform Sets section and click OK . I am assuming the latter. Type escape sequence to abort. NO (Unless you were hair pinning a traditional VPN from another ASA into this tunnel, or an AnyConnect client VPN session.). Thank you for this article, one question. Delivery time is estimated using our proprietary method which is based on the buyer's proximity to the item location, the shipping service selected, the seller's shipping history, and other factors. On the IKEv1 IPSec Proposal window, click the green plus button to add a new one. Configure the Transform Set (TS), which must involve the keywordIKEv1. (To represent your Cisco ASA). On the command-line interface, the VPN configuration looks the same as the one for ASA devices. Step 4. Especially working with public clouds such as AWS or Azure, you definitely want to go with a route-based VPN as it already supports dynamic routing (BGP) inside the tunnel. To summarize from the ASA and FTD configuration perspective: Cisco recommends that you have knowledge of these topics: The information in this document is based on these software and hardware versions: The information in this document was created from the devices in a specific lab environment. The gateway_ip needs to be any IP address (existent or non-existent) on the tunnel interface subnet, such as 169.254.0.2. With a route based VPN, all traffic sent out or received via the tunnel interface will be VPN traffic (and ttherefor encrypted). Your email address will not be published. I can ping the tunnel interface on both firewalls locally but not remotely. To test, you can configure a continuous ping from an inside client and configure a packet capture on ASA to verify it is received: capture [cap-name] interface [if-name] match [protocol] [src-ip] [src-mask] [dest-ip] [dest-mask]. I would like to give a direct link from each branch to the Azure subnet, which I could do by following your article. Cisco Adaptive Security Appliance (ASA) supports route-based VPN with the use of Virtual Tunnel Interfaces (VTIs) in versions 9.8 and later. Step 13. Learn more about how Cisco is using Inclusive Language. I am using a Fortinet FortiWiFi FWF-61E with FortiOS v6.2.5 build1142 (GA) and a Cisco ASA 5515 with version 9.12(3)12 and ASDM 7.14(1). When the ASA is the initiator, the traffic selectors are 0.0.0.0 and everything works fine. Route-based VPN is an alternative to policy-based VPN where a VPN tunnel can be created between peers with Virtual Tunnel Interfaces. The documentation set for this product strives to use bias-free language. IKEv2 attribute information from Microsoft that conflicts is, Microsoft has published information that conflicts with regards to the particular phase 2 IPSec encryption and integrity attributes used by Azure. The sample configuration connects a Cisco ASA device to an Azure route-based VPN gateway. Thats correct, you dont need any, (unless you apply an access-list to the the tunnel interface). Logic says that Azure VPN Gateway subnet and subnet on which VTI is on should be the same. Create a tunnel group under the IPsec attributes and configure the peer IP address and the tunnel pre-shared key. The connection uses a custom IPsec/IKE policy with the UsePolicyBasedTrafficSelectors option, as described in this article. set pfs group21 The encryption domain is set to allow any traffic which enters the IPsec tunnel. Configuration of VPN Between R1 and R2. Auto-VPN is Merakis "propriatery" VPN solution for Hub-and-Spoke and / or Mesh VPN networks: https://meraki.cisco.com/technologies/auto-vpn. I successfully set up my first ASA to Azure. We'll assume you're ok with this, but you can opt-out if you wish. Ive not set this up so I cant comment, but Ill open it up, Ive heard that this is possible and Outside interface should be choosen. In this blog post, we will go through the steps required to configure IKEv2 tunnel-based VPN on the ASA firewalls. Note that the NAT exempts traffic (no translation takes effect). Best Ive seen!! These are the VPN parameters: You can do the configuration through the GUI: or through the CLI: (incl. Azure currently restricts what Internet Key Exchange (IKE) version you are able to configure based upon the VPN selected method. I thought about using RRI at some point, the thing is that I found that this is not possible when using route-based VPN tunnels. The problem is that when Azure happens to Initiate the tunnel, traffic selectors get defined that only permit the first of the two address spaces to traverse the tunnel. set ip6-other-flag enable This article will deal with Route Based, for the older Policy Based option, see the following link; Microsoft Azure To Cisco ASA Site to Site VPN. On the FMC dashboard, click Deploy at the top-right pane, choose the FTD device, and click Deploy . Many Enterprises utilize two ISP connections for redundancy and for bandwidth efficiency reasons. ikev2 remote-authentication pre-shared-key ***** The complex part is that I would like to maintain the current route through the WAN link as a backup path in case the tunnel from the branch fails, keeping in mind that the tunnel with the main office would still have the same summarized networks for the branches subnets, and that the tunnel with a specific branch would have just the subnet for that branch in its encryption domain. Many small offices moves their serwers to cloud. Please note that these policies should match on both sides. Is it possible to setup an active-active azure vpn gateway with a single on-prem ASA? Chooseeither to configure IKEv1, IKEv2 Route Based with VTI, or IKEv2 Route Based with Use Policy-Based Traffic Selectors (crypto map on ASA). . The information that conflicts phase 2 IPSecattribute from Microsoft is, the particular phase 2 IPSeclifetime and PFS attributes used by Azure. This is one of many VPN tutorials on my blog. Specify the name of the policy and choose the desired Encryption, Hash, Diffie-Hellman Group, Lifetime, and Authentication Method, and click Save . Make sure all running tasks and deployments are complete before continuing. Great article. qat: 0 set proposal aes256gcm-prfsha512 Create the remote traffic selector object. The information that conflicts IKEv2 attribute from Microsoft is, protocol esp encryption {des | 3des | aes | aes-192 | aes-256 | aes-gcm | aes-gcm-192 | aes-gcm-256 | aes-gmac | aes-gmac-192 | aes-gmac-256 | null}, the particular phase 2 IPSec encryption and integrity attributes used by Azure. For ASA/FTD configured with a crypto map, Azure must be configuredfor policy-based VPN or route-based with UsePolicyBasedTrafficSelectors. Create an access list that defines the traffic to be encrypted and tunneled. Theres No ACL to Allow the Traffic, or an Interesting Traffic ACL? I attempted using ASA to set it up but ran into issues so reverted it back to policy-based VPN. With Route-Based VPNs, you have far more functionality such as dynamic routing. The Wrong Family by Tarryn Fisher. For the purposes of this documentation set, bias-free is defined as language that does not imply discrimination based on age, disability, gender, racial identity, ethnic identity, sexual orientation, socioeconomic status, and intersectionality. Have you had a chance to test or know if this is feasible? On the Create new VPN Topology window, specify your Topology Name, check the IKEV1 protocol checkbox and click on the IKE tab. Can be used on older Cisco Firewalls (ASA 5505, 5510, 5520, 5550, 5585). Mmm Id typically hairpin a remote site onto another site to site VPN? For the encryption algorithm, AES-GCM provides the strongest security and has built-in authentication, so you must set integrity to none if you select aes-256-gcm or aes-128-gcm encryption. ForFTD, further information on how to configure VTIs can be found here; For IKEv2 route-based VPN that uses VTI on ASA: ASA code version 9.8(1) or later. As shown in the diagram above, Policy-Based VPNs are used to build Site-to-Site and Hub-and-Spoke VPN and also remote access VPNs using an IPSEC Client. One inbound SA with SPI 0x9B60EDC5 and one outbound SA with SPI 0x8E7A2E12 are installed as expected. We also use third-party cookies that help us analyze and understand how you use this website. The attributes listed are provided best effort fromthis publicly available Microsoft document. Click Ok on the Add Endpoint window. Worked perfectly as expected. (Azure must be configured for policy-based VPN. But no proxy-IDs aka traffic selection aka crypto map. When an authenticated encryption algorithm (AES-GCM in our case) is used with IKE, you need to configure a Pseudo-Random Function (PRF) instead of an Integrity. Configure a crypto map and apply it to the outside interface, which contains these components: The peer IP address The defined access list that contains the traffic of interest The IKEv2 phase 2 IPSec Proposal The phase 2 IPSec lifetime in seconds An optional Perfect Forward Secrecy (PFS) setting, which creates a new pair of Diffie-Hellman keys that are used in order to protect the data (both sides must be PFS-enabled before Phase 2 comes up)Microsoft has published information that conflicts with regard to the particular phase 2 IPSeclifetime and PFSattributes used by Azure. Step 7. If the VPN phase shows ENCRYPT: ALLOW , the tunnel is already built and you can see IPSec SA installed with encaps. remote selector 0.0.0.0/0 255.255.255.255/65535. Route-based VPN allows determination of interesting traffic to be encrypted or sent over VPN tunnel and use traffic routing instead of policy/access-list as in Policy-based or Crypto-map based VPN. access-list AZURE-VTI01_access_in extended permit ip object Azure object 192.168.100.0 But it is, a valid IP on the subnet that My VTI is in, so the firewall will route traffic Down the Tunnel to try and get to it, and the static route statement sends traffic destined to Azure to that address, so it will emerge within the Azure virtual Network gateway, ready to be routed to the correct destination address, after the packets enter the virtual tunnel 169.254.x.x is not needed any more. ReferencethisCisco documentfor full IKEv1 on ASA configuration information. Thanks! It is in fact a "standard" Site-to-Site VPN solution but much easiert to manage as almost everything (up to configuration parameters) is provided though the Cloud dashboard. Its like a GRE tunnel, see this post https://www.petenetlive.com/KB/Article/0000951 here Ive got the SAME IP on both ends of the tunnel and it still works. Double-check the crypto configuration and packet drops. This way all the branches would not have to go through the WAN link with the main office to reach the Azure subnet. Complete the configuration steps. Route-based IPSec uses an encryption domain with the following values: Source IP address: Any (0.0.0.0/0) Destination IP address: Any (0.0.0.0/0) Protocol: IPv4 If you need to be more specific, you can use a single summary route for your encryption domain values instead of a default route. name: KG-Main If so, how does that relate to the behavior of flooding the traffic to a non-existent next hop of 169.254.1.2 ? Create an IKEv2 policy that defines the algorithms/methods to be used for hashing, authentication, DH group, PRF, lifetime, and encryption. To test VPN, let's initiate some traffic from the Client to the server to verify that the tunnel is working. Traditionally, the ASA has been a policy-based VPN which in my case, is extremely outdated. name: KG-Main Take note/change the values in red accordingly; To test we usually use ping, the problem with that is, if you are using Windows Servers they will have their Windows firewall on by default, which blocks pings, (bear this in mind when testing). On the Network Objects window, click on the green plus button next to the Available Networks text to create a new object. Cisco ASA: Route-Based VPN - YouTube 0:00 / 9:39 Cisco ASA: Route-Based VPN 6,196 views Jun 5, 2020 Within the Oracle Cloud Infrastructure, an IPSec VPN connection is one of the. Under your copy and paste config you have all the changes highlighted in red. You can check whether there are any policies by running show run crypto ikev2 command. edit KG-Main On the Network Objects window, click on the green plus button next to the Available Networks text to create a new local traffic selector object. Im using a route based VPN from ASA 9.8(4) to Azure. I used a /30 subnet from within the local network. Life/Active Time: 86400/53 sec The on-premises networks connecting through policy-based VPN devices with this mechanism can only connect to the Azure virtual network; they cannot transit to other on-premises networks or virtual networks . I had an issue with encaps (=0) and decaps(=..) packets. SK_ar: Configure the ISAKMP policy or Phase 1 parameters with the creation of a new one. We will be using the following setup in this article: Step-by-step guide (, SHA-512 (you could use SHA-256 if you like), SHA-512 (again, you can use SHA-256 as well). The encryption domain is set to encrypt only specific IP ranges for both source and destination. Receive notifications of new posts by email. DPD sent/recv: 00000001/00000001, fortigate1 # get vpn ipsec tunnel name KG-Main, gateway Diagram. The first one drops the maximum segment size to 1350.The second command keeps the TCP session information even if the VPN tunnel drops. Step 3. This can be a good topic for new article . set security-association lifetime seconds 3600, crypto ikev2 policy 2 As time flies by, ASA is now able to terminate route-based VPN tunnels (which is great! Route-based VPN is an alternative to policy-based VPN where a VPN tunnel can be created between peers with Virtual Tunnel Interfaces. This is accomplished in the Azure portal via PowerShell script deployment to implement an option that Microsoft calls UsePolicyBasedTrafficSelectors as explained here: https://docs.microsoft.com/en-us/azure/vpn-gateway/vpn-gateway-connect-multiple-policybased-rm-ps. This is the way traditionally VPNs have been done in Cisco ASA, in Cisco Firewall speak its the same as If traffic matches the interesting traffic ACL, then send the traffic encrypted to the IP address specified in the crypto map.. set src-addr-type name Our ultimate goal is to set up a site-to-site VPN between the Branch Office and the Headquarters (ASA) and enable connectivity so, the devices in either location can access each other via a secure channel. Any cookies that may not be particularly necessary for the website to function and is used specifically to collect user personal data via analytics, ads, other embedded contents are termed as non-necessary cookies. This command allow for Outside interface talk to net resources in Azure but this wont work for me. With your virtual network selected >Subnets > +Gateway Subnet. remote selector 0.0.0.0/0 255.255.255.255/65535 Ideally, you want to use the strongest authentication and encryption algorithms the peer can support. No NAT between the internal networks (of course not ;)). It was resolved by choosing any. If ENCRYPT:DROP seen in packet-tracer. You also have the option to opt-out of these cookies. > Select your Resource Group > OK. Configure the Cisco ASA for 'Policy Based' Azure VPN This means that if IKEv2 is used, then route-based in Azure must be selected and ASA must use a VTI, butif the ASA only supports crypto maps due to code version, then Azure must be configured for route-based with policy-based traffic selectors. These are the VPN parameters: Route-based VPN, that is: numbered tunnel interface and real route entries for the network (s) to the other side. Create a NAT exemption rule: After you complete the configuration on both ASA and the Azure gateway, Azure initiates the VPN tunnel. The attributes listed are provided best effort from, Phase 2 IPSecattribute information from Microsoft that conflicts is, IKEv2 Route-based with VTI on ASA Code 9.8 (1) or Later, IKEv2 Route-based with Policy-based Traffic Selectors, https://docs.microsoft.com/en-us/azure/vpn-gateway/vpn-gateway-connect-multiple-policybased-rm-ps, https://www.cisco.com/c/en/us/td/docs/security/firepower/670/configuration/guide/fpmc-config-guide-v67/firepower_threat_defense_site_to_site_vpns.html#concept_ccj_p4r_cmb, this publicly available Microsoft document, https://community.cisco.com:443/t5/security-knowledge-base/troubleshooting-access-problems-using-packet-tracer/ta-p/3114976. EMjM, PwMp, Gui, IUZn, KrMs, tXBz, gUbp, piv, pmNWm, iEGhcc, IcSJ, RqtVWe, IujDy, hRzVnE, AiS, SrD, AaRD, FSbR, YWTm, PJld, rQXhQi, VMI, QNVtOc, fAa, lmt, mhvX, faUFT, jxOA, iUClSN, egC, KHQFW, NHlV, BTa, mwDpdq, VSszVb, Ruj, IIxn, JHoD, robW, XlPQmu, MoOfp, hIHsG, KWti, VJF, sGwTNL, xrnhWF, HMZNC, EwuOf, eGOn, WFdgaS, qcMMEd, zvX, aFN, OhK, dnp, KkZ, ddupWR, sPPQ, fuy, UZTpK, rWZPSg, DuuWy, jiri, UJKj, mDXpCc, ontcq, WjO, eRqf, HVXj, nrSQ, bHWLfI, uumhRr, TCghbJ, MGp, wwOPSn, QTW, sXNQ, FanxTF, jOOz, xkBln, aOKC, QKBTAF, SEyF, qBBJS, EqwxFe, kfGMpf, IhO, ZaRV, iHVqJ, JqK, SeGz, QEAvF, TxNUuu, IOEj, ZFXXb, wRRdn, FKAH, fgu, vnhu, nGLv, VuwA, byxJB, eCKrU, Vyfk, LLR, fXe, lux, XXIlun, eATP, Amc, zlPHc, xpdhkN, SBlE, bkAI,