News & Advice. What is discriminating between the employee and other employees of the employer? Eventually this solidarity led to a resounding victory as the employer subsequently reopened the factory on terms acceptable to the ACWU and its members. As a consequence, workers were defenceless after having lost the right even to sell their only possession -their labour-power. Like their White and Coloured fellow workers, they were to receive an annual bonus representing 3 per cent of their annual pay, they were to be issued with free protective clothing, and they were to be given the right to become members of the Sick Benefit Society. After 1957, there was a downturn in activity, perhaps due to the fact that many new wage determinations for unskilled workers were introduced in the 'years following. The major issue in the struggles of Durban dockworkers in the mid1950s was the togt labour system. UCU will begin Action Short of a Strike (ASoS) on Wednesday 23 November in response . In 1930, they led struggles against the poll tax, against the passes (culminating in the death of Johannes Nkosi) and against the institution of a municipal monopoly in beer-brewing. Rebuttable presumption as to reason or intent. The workers stood firm against the threats and intimidation of the bosses and the White trade union leaders who collaborated with them in an attempt to break the Union. Industrial action usually happens when a dispute in the workplace can't be resolved through negotiation. The Fair Work Act 2009 provides that during a period of industrial action it is unlawful for an: employer to pay an employee, and. Industrial action leading to strike could have adverse effect on economic growth as observed by Akkerman (2014) [1]; Akanbi and Akinlo (2017) [2]. These twelve women, all widows, were already heavily exploited by Beiers and were barely able to feed themselves and their families from the miserable wages they were paid. A temporary injunction forbids the trade union from organising the industrial action you are complaining about until the case has been heard. There was strong pressure from workers to request Congress to re-include LKB on the list in 1959. Industrial action ballots need to be carried out correctly (properly conducted). 6d. The state's role, though a secondary one to that of individual capitalist companies, nevertheless renders their action against the working class that much more effective. The agreement concluded was also a defeat for Bolton and the Natal GWU, a Union notorious for betraying the interests of the workers and making 'sweetheart deals' with the employers. Common causes of industrial action are when parties: When employees take industrial action, they may go on strikeor impose work bans. This is where employees refuse to work until their demands are met. Refusing to make use of the new machinery created by the Native Labour Act, strikers were immediately harassed and intimidated. 0 D. per week. The workers and the Union considered that the lesser of the two evils was to accept the employer's offer to reinstate them at a higher pay-rate. Industrial action is protected by law as long as: Your trade union is not allowed to ask any of its members to take part, or continue taking part, in industrial action unless it has held a 'properly conducted secret ballot'. The Magistrate rejected these statements by African workers. Find more similar words at wordhippo.com! Day after strike action - Thursday 15 and Sunday 18 December . The lost due to strike could have serious implication on . If, as Lenin said, each strike was a 'school of war' where workers learned more effective ways of carrying forward the struggle against their common enemy, then SACTU was one of the 'classrooms' in which they were taught. However, in the process they cut down the rates of pay of these permanent employees, leading to a sympathy strike by the, remainder of the workers. However, there. Learn more. Please ensure you plan your journey at National Rail Enquiries before you travel. You can change your cookie settings at any time. There are three main forms of industrial action: Industrial action is 'official' if it is formally backed by a trade union and members of that union are taking part in it. (Tick all that apply), Industrial action and the Law - your right to prevent disruption, Information and consultation of employees, Managing conflict (nibusinessinfo.co.uk website), The Code of Practice on industrial action ballots and notice to employers, Industrial action - your legal right to prevent disruption, Time off for trade union duties and activities, Trade union membership: your employment rights, [email protected], [email protected], Driver and Vehicle Licensing Agency (DVLA), Swansea, Driver & Vehicle Agency (DVA), Northern Ireland, Public Record Office of Northern Ireland (PRONI) enquiry service, contact the relevant government organisation directly, strike - where workers refuse to work for the employer, action short of a strike - where workers take action such as working to rule, go slows, overtime bans or callout bans, lock-out - a work stoppage where the employer stops workers from working, the dispute relates to a trade dispute between workers and their employer, a secret postal ballot has been held and the majority of members voting have supported the action, detailed notice about the action has been given to the employer at least seven days before it commences, action called by a union unsupported by a ballot, secondary industrial action that is in support of workers of another employer, action promoting 'union labour only' practices, action in support of anyone dismissed for taking 'unofficial action', it is subject to scrutiny by a qualified independent person appointed by the trade union (this is not needed if the number of members entitled to vote is 50 or fewer), it was held before the trade union asked its members to take, or continue taking, industrial action, the right to vote is given to all members the trade union intends to ask to take part in the industrial action, it is conducted by marking a voting paper, the voting paper includes information about the voting process (such as what you are voting on and where to send your paper), as soon as the trade union can, after holding the ballot, it tells everyone entitled to vote how many votes were cast and the number of 'yes' votes, 'no' votes and spoiled voting papers, is unlikely to pay you for the period during which industrial action is taken, can sue you for breaking your employment contract (this does not happen often but is always possible), the dispute is a trade dispute between workers and their own employer, it has been called for by someone in the trade union with proper authority, the trade union has failed to hold a postal ballot in-line with the law, the trade union has not told the employer, in-line with the law, about the industrial action ahead of a ballot or ahead of the industrial action, it has been disowned by the trade union (for example, because someone without authority called for the action, or because the trade union considers the dispute to be resolved), sometimes called 'repudiated action', it is secondary industrial action (in support of workers of another employer), sometimes called 'sympathy action', it promotes union labour only practices (also known as a closed shop), it is in support of any workers who have been dismissed for taking unofficial action, other aspects of industrial action law have been breached by the trade union, for an automatically unfair reason (for example, because of your duties as a health and safety representative), while taking part in the industrial action but others taking part are not dismissed, for taking part in unprotected industrial action, after you stopped taking part, members of a trade union are taking part in it, the action is official industrial action taken by their trade union, Travel advice (including self-isolation), Coronavirus (COVID-19) vaccinations contact the, Driver licensing and tests, MOT and vehicle testing. The strikers refused and were immediately replaced by scab labour, heavily protected by the police. When they returned to work they were prevented from entering the factory by armed police. Additionally, the union have announced action short of a strike between Sunday 18 December 2022 - Monday 2 January 2023. Workers refused and were swiftly marched out of the harbour. Find out what protection there is for workers and when it applies and what you can do if you are punished for taking industrial action. Sometimes we will prevent or stop unprotected action. However, the days you took industrial action on will not usually count towards your total length of service with your employer. Eye-witnesses described the scene as a brutal and totally unexpected attack. Togt labour has long been a source of friction between the workers and the employers, and the introduction of a weekly-paid permanent labour force is a definite gain by the workers. With the establishment of a permanent labour force it will now be possible to organize the workers into a union and we hope that the employers will negotiate with this union and avoid any further trouble in the docks. This was a heavy blow to the organizational strength of the A-TWIU. Finally, the unity of the workers paid off. Dont worry we wont send you spam or share your email address with anyone. 2.1 The starting point is to understand what constitutes a strike. Rather than negotiate with the workers, the employers, the Department of Labour and the police went ahead with the plan to force the labour supply company on the workers. Also includes a checklist for employers of the issues to consider when they are the subject of a threat of industrial action and key takeaways. If you do get excluded or expelled from your union, you can complain to an employment tribunal. Seventy-five per cent of dockworkers went home during the Stay-At Home and those who remained were forced out of the privately-owned compounds by the police. Wages had not been increased since 195 1. Industrial action can either be protected or unprotected. If you're on strike you may have problems claiming state benefits. For industrial action commencing on or after 6 April 2005, the length of protected industrial action is extended from eight to twelve weeks. This form of communication tends to be their only means to voice their concerns about safety and benefits. For queries or advice about passports, contactHM Passport Office. Check benefits and financial support you can get, Limits on energy prices: Energy Price Guarantee, Your employment rights during industrial action, View a printable version of the whole guide, take other action, like refusing to do overtime (known as action short of a strike). What is a strike? A ballot is the name given to the process of voting. 0D . Upon release from prison, these men were further victimised by being sent out to the Bantustans to rot. As mentioned, a strike fund has been set up by the BMA to the tune of 2 million. All workers were re-engaged on a weekly-paid basis. What is Industrial Action? Union leaders Edmund Cindi (Chairman of the Benoni A-TWIU branch) and Rufus Makuru (National President of the Union) persuaded workers to go home. To abide by the law the controllers on strike need to return to work. Despite the fact that this Act rendered all strikes by African workers illegal, the workers continued to defy the legislation, never giving up their most vital weapon in the struggle against the ruling class - the right to withdraw their collective labour-power. Contact your localJobs and Benefits officefor advice. Only by organizing workers into strong trade unions could workers prevent their bosses from reaping even greater profits from the exploitation of their labour-power. 5 December 2022 National strike action dates formally notified by the CWU. a month to 7. '10 LKB was originally one of the firms on the Congress Alliance boycott list of the early 1950s, but after granting some concessions its name was removed. What is a Territory or a Commonwealth place? Some of the examples of strikes carried out by these newly-formed unions demonstrate a fresh spontaneity and surprising willingness to carry out sustained opposition to conditions imposed on them by the bosses. What the workers learned from SACTU was at every step along the path of struggle equally matched by the militant inspiration provided by the Black rank-and-file workers themselves, Native Labour (Settlement of Disputes) Act of 1953, South African Congress of Trade Unions (SACTU). Most TfL services, including most of the Tube, will continue to run. In February 1958, workers went out again to demand higher wages. per week. Edward Sweeney, Heriot-Watt University. Scheduled strikes by UK port workers will add to . The list below will show the dates affected by Industrial Action followed by (in brackets) the date the journey planners will be up-to-date. What is a constitutionally-covered entity? L. Kellerman (SACTU). The workers had expected more from the Wage Board, which sat during 1958. UCU have given formal notification of industrial action as follows: Strikes Strikes will take place on: Thursday 24 November Friday 25 November Wednesday 30 November. As they left, hundreds of barefooted convicts flooded into the harbour, driven at the point of a rifle to load manganese and to handle cargo in conditions that were not any better than those in which the slave drivers' whip cracked on the backs of slaves two centuries ago. E.g. Recently too, Frances Baard, local Secretary of the Union branch, had been refused permission to collect subscriptions on factory premises and company officials had refused to cooperate with one of the Union's committees. These workers were a powerful influence within SACTU and injected local committees with the same class-consciousness and militant spirit with which they had carried out their own struggles. In response to a Tobacco Workers' Union appeal, the African National Congress (ANC), the South African Indian Congress (SAIC)and the COD called for a total boycott of UTC products. The workers had scored a significant victory, but one which they had to pay for three years later. Protected action is legal and unprotected action is illegal. 27 - 30 December (21 December) 31 December & 1 January (22 December) 26 December (To be confirmed) As Industrial Action is affecting the whole country, we will be unable to provide alternatives such as taxis, additional replacement buses, and ticket acceptance with other local rail and bus operators on any strike day. For queries or advice about claiming compensation due to a road problem, contact DFI Roads claim unit. In March 1956, 1,200 workers staged one of the most successful strikes in the history of textile workers' struggles. The purpose is not to assess the effectiveness of the organization on the basis of its quantitative strike record, but rather to examine the nature and dynamics of class struggle at the point of production, that is, to analyse the extent of class consciousness and potential for revolutionary action on the part of workers, and to study the responses of capital and the extent of state intervention in each case. On Wednesday 20 March the Minister for Employment, Productivity and Industrial Relations deemed and declared the act by many of our controllers taking coordinated leave an unlawful strike. All members of the FCWU and the A-FCWU were demanding at least 1-a-Day in line with the demand put forward by SACTU throughout the country. Although the workers' militant spirit had not been crushed by these repressive measures, the mass strike action characteristic of Amato workers ceased to exist for some time. per week, rising to 9 18 s . Through these various actions these SACTU affiliated unions managed to gain some important concessions from the ruling class; consequently, they prevented an even greater rate of exploitation of themselves and their brothers and sisters in other industries and areas. Ninety-five were found guilty and fined 10s. Get the Latest Info and Exclusive Deals. This is the reason that socialists call strikes' a school of war', a school in which the workers learn to make war on their enemies for the liberation of the whole people, of all who labour, from the yoke of government, officials and from the yoke of capital. For queries or advice about Child Maintenance, contact the Child Maintenance Service. by fiji airports limited 22 Mar 2019 18:15 Control Tower at Nadi International Airport. During strike action, some staff refuse to work and may join picket lines - a form of protest where people gather at a location to draw public attention to their cause. For queries or advice about criminal record checks, email [email protected], Application and payment queries can be emailed [email protected]. Lock-out days, where an employer prevents striking employees from returning to work, are disregarded when determining this twelve week period. Agreement was also reached on other outstanding issues: (a) full recognition of the African Clothing Workers Union (Hammarsdale); (b) negotiations to be held before April 1960 for improvements in wages and working conditions; and (c) officials to be allowed to use the factory cloakroom for all trade union meetings. As a result of the strike the clothing factory was closed down and the proprietor decided to move back to Durban. It was an even more courageous act in many cases to come out on strike with workers of other races, whether Coloured, Indian or White. In workplaces the parties are usually: the employer the employees the registered organisations that represent them. Melville Fletcher, the union organizer, was called in by the workers. Employees may go on strike (refuse to attend or perform work) or impose work bans (refuse to perform all their normal duties). On 10 January 196 1, the 194 workers informed management that if their demands were not met, the single-decker buses would remain at the depot and the double-deckers would 'go slow'. You must remain within the law while picketing. When is a worker sexually harassed at work? A properly conducted ballot gives you the choice to take part in or continue with industrial action. During their trial, the defence brought three leading members of the ANC from Robben Island prison , where they were serving life sentences, to give evidence on behalf of the accused to the effect that their strike was in no way connected with the ANC. 3d. Workers at the Fox's Glacier Mints factory in York walked out last week over a below-inflation pay offer while staff at the. Industrial Action and Strikes Lawyers Scotland Workers usually take industrial action by refusing to work altogether or refusing to do certain aspects of their employment contract (part performance). This happens if we decide the industrial action is: You canApply to suspend or end protected industrial action (Form F37). 0D. Arguing that they could earn more under the previous system if work were made available throughout the week (potentially 84s. Today's . The Suppression of Communism Act of 1950, designed in part to weaken the trade union movement, had robbed the working class of 56 dedicated trade unionists, seventeen of them Africans. V. 1. The trial received little publicity and the ten workers were herded into prison quietly. Our employment lawyers can help provide your business with pragmatic legal advice on all aspects of industrial action in Scotland. We have tried all other options, now we must take this further step. The workers then marched to the trade union offices and Beiers informed the Labour Department that his workers were on strike. 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Is your agreement application ready to lodge? For queries or advice about careers, contact the Careers Service. Industrial action can take several forms. There are many ways either to challenge industrial action or to minimise its impact. disagree when bargaining for a new enterprise agreement, think others are behaving unfairly in the workplace. Well send you a link to a feedback form. Most of the above examples involved established unions like the TWIU and the FCWU, strong and militant unions which had a history of strike actions by their members. In the struggle between the employers and employees, lockout and strikes work as weapons. The Labour Relations Agency (LRA) can help employers and employee representatives to resolve disputes in a number of different ways. Rail strikes: Your refund rights explained if your travel is disrupted due to industrial action. Industrial action can legally be taken when bargaining for a new registered agreement is unsuccessful. The trade union can only call on members to take industrial action where the majority of those who voted, voted 'yes' to taking action. The workers were angered when they were told that the present owners had shut down their factories in Fordsburg and Durban to come to Hammarsdale where labour-power had been promised at a lower rate. The primary condition for such intervention is a long tradition of militancy on the part of the workers in a particular factory. If the court is satisfied that no ballot was held, or was not conducted properly, it may make an order against the trade union. Employers had placed a small group of workers on permanent staff, with two weeks' annual leave. If there is majority support, the action must begin within four weeks of the ballot or eight if it's agreed between union and employer. Workers engaging in unofficial strikes have . Increasing African unemployment, coupled with a sluggish economy, may also have had a deterrent effect on strike activity. Ten of the PE busmen, whose 1961 strike became 'subversive' in 1964, were also among the victims of Apartheid justice. The Labour Relations Agency (LRA)and Advice NI offerfree, confidential and impartial advice on all employment rights. However, due to the disruptive tactics of J. C. Bolton, Secretary of the Garment Workers Union (Natal), in his effort to smash the ACWU (a SACTU affiliate) workers were forced to resort to strike action again in February 1960. 2 INDUSTRIAL ACTION STRIKE vs. WORK STOPPAGE. Govan Mbekireported from Port Elizabeth at the time: From March 2nd to 7th the harbour looked like a city, which had recently been occupied by a foreign invading army. SACTU passed a resolution at its 1958 Conference demanding that the victimized workers be reinstated and all Union facilities restored; a nation-wide boycott of Amato products was threatened if these demands were not met. Twenty leaders were arrested and charged under the Act. It includes strikes and actions short of a strike such as picketing, work-to-rule, go-slow and a ban on call-out. In both cases the workers gained invaluable experience as to the nature of capitalism and the role of the state, experience, which they were able to use in assisting workers, involved in future struggles in other industries. Unite the Union plans to take industrial strike action at Heathrow on 3 and 24 April. The companies were clearly in a stronger bargaining position with the state ensuring them a large army of surplus labour. The jubilant workers returned to the factory victorious after having won an important struggle. Ex-Chief Justice Centilivres chaired the tribunal and the case was given a fair hearing. A strike is not started on light grounds; it is often preceded by months of unfruitful negotiations. employee to receive payment from an employer. The reason 1 didn't go to work was that 1 wanted to support my Coloured brother workers who were on strike. The non-racial unity demonstrated by strikers was followed up by the four Congresses jointly sending a deputation to see management to reopen negotiations with the workers. For queries or advice about employment rights, contact the Labour Relations Agency. But there are other actions workers can take, such as picketing, go-slows, overtime bans and work to rule. Over 1,000 people were arrested in the Port Elizabeth area, the majority forced to serve long prison sentences for having furthered the aims of the ANC after its banning. For queries or advice about rates, email [email protected]. The organisation supported the use of the strike weapon by all workers, Black or White, in their attempts to gain legitimate working class demands. On 5 March, railway workers were locked out and replaced by prison labour. You dont have to take part in industrial action and cant be disciplined by your union if you dont. 3d. Beiers still refused to reinstate the women and instructed Fletcher to remove all workers from the premises, in fact creating a lockout. The collective action amongst African migrant workers on the docks is an indication of their disregard for the system, which attempts to control their movements and stifle their militancy. Your union can't discipline you for this or for any other reason classed as unjustified. 6 d . What is the minimum period of employment? Sometimes, trade unions ballot their members about ending industrial action after it has begun, or about offers made by the employer to end the dispute in question. industrial action Certain sanctions available to groups of workers and employers in dispute with each other over employment conditions. The following day when workers came to collect their pay, an unprovoked baton charge took place injuring over forty workers. Types of Industrial Disputes - Strikes, Lockouts, Picketing and Gherao. 315-17. He slaughtered these chickens to sell to ships passing through the Durban harbour. Strikers mingled with passers-by persuading work-seekers not to enter the factory. Workman-Davies said that the essential difference between strike action and protest action is that strike action is aimed at exerting pressure on a particular employer or a defined group of employers. NEU advice to members who are head teachers and principals. it starts within 30 days of the date the ballot result is declared. There are two types of industrial action: strike action and action short of a strike. Textile workers in England sent a cable of support to the A-TWIU and Southampton dockers cabled Beiers threatening not to unload any ship carrying his wool. Call 0800 587 0912 In each of these examples of strike action taken by SACTU unions, one thing is common. and those drivers who did the work of conductors on one-man buses were to be paid an additional 10s. per day. They won increased wages, a non-contributory pension scheme and a medical benefit fund. The armed might of a Government that regards African labour as the possession of a dominant white capitalist class strutted about in a great show of strength. The CWU has formally notified Royal Mail they plan to call on their members who collect, sort and deliver parcels and letters to take national strike action on Friday 9 December, Sunday 11 December, Wednesday 14 December and Thursday 15 December 2022. What if the worker has been dismissed etc, Representation by lawyers and paid agents. Strike - Meaning and Definition A strike is commonly considered the last weapon in the armoury of organised labour for settling industrial disputes. Their bosses responded by sacking the striking workers, claiming that they would be able to recruit sufficient scab labour to carry on production. This is exactly what happened at Amato Textile Mills, a large jute manufacturing company, in 1958. These wage rates were lower than those already in effect under the agreement between the trade union and the employer. You can complain to an Industrial Tribunal if you think you've been unfairly dismissed or mistreated by your employer for taking part in Industrial Action. SACTU stated that Bolton had no right to interfere with the African workers at Hammarsdale, workers who were demanding 3 5s. Industrial action usually happens when a dispute in the workplace can't be resolved through negotiation. However, the history of their involvement in both industrial actions and political protests over the years, has revealed that these workers, despite the disabilities forced upon them, do possess an advanced proletarian consciousness, perhaps even fostered by the system of controlled barracks and compounds. per week. If your query is about another benefit, select Other from the drop-down menu above. A union must hold a ballot before organising either form of industrial action. If we approve the application, we will make an orderto permit the employees to organise a protected action ballot. The unskilled railway workers however were dismissed, their work-seeker permits withdrawn, and their reference books left unsigned as a means of punishment. He said this decision had been taken because LKB wanted a 'contented labour force' [sic]. Its against the law to take part in secondary action (going on strike in sympathy with people who work for a different employer). 13 to 18 December 2022 RMT strike Only travel if absolutely necessary The RMT has notified us of national strike action on Tuesday 13, Wednesday 14, Friday 16 and Saturday 17 December. Please keep in mind, essential engineering works are also being delivered over Christmas and in early . Unemployed activists who avoided being endorsed out lost their township accommodation as soon as they failed to pay the rent. The African drivers demanded that the agreement be extended to them and that they be guaranteed a minimum wage of 1 per day. Though their sentences were later reduced from the original four and a half years, this case represents a glaring example of the response of the South African ruling class to African workers who dare to challenge the system by demanding improved wages and working conditions through strike action. Neither the employer nor the workers were prosecuted for an illegal lockout or strike. When are costs ordered by the Commission? From both accounts of the struggles of dockworkers in South Africa certain conclusions can be drawn. [email protected], Call 0800 587 2750 Armed police guarded the ships ensuring that there was no contact with the strikers. This means that if you are dismissed while taking part in the action you normally have no right to complain of unfair dismissal. Some of that will go on campaigning and organisational costs, but some should be going into a hardship fund. The workers decided that since convicts were being withdrawn they should return to work to forestall the engagement of labour recruited in the Transkei and Ciskei. That was the headline of a New Age article, which appeared in the 10 October 1957 edition, reporting on a strike by some 200 workers at Spekenham Food Products factory, Strikland, Cape Town; the workers' demands were for increased wages and better working conditions. The court might be prepared to grant a temporary injunction against the trade union if the court cannot hear your case straight away. But the combined forces of the state and the employers were used to crush this resistance and the workers were defenceless. The economic causes relate to compensation such as wages, bonus, allowances, conditions of work, working hours, leave, holidays without pay, unjust layoffs, and . However, in Durban the dockers boldly displayed their militancy and embarked on an important struggle against stevedoring companies. per day. In spite of the Native Labour Act, there were some 435 strikes by African workers during the period from 1954 to 1960, and only ten Works Committees set up under the Act were functioning by 1960. An industrial action ballot is properly conducted if: The voting paper must also ask those members to answer 'yes' or 'no' to whether they are prepared to take part in either: The Code of Practice on industrial action ballots and notice to employerssets out all the rules on industrial action ballots. These workers refused to do any overtime work until their comrades returned and when they did, all workers unanimously decided to do no more overtime work until they were paid 1-a-Day. Your employment rights during industrial action Going on strike and picketing Overview Industrial action is when workers: go on strike take other action, like refusing to do overtime. Industrial action should only be taken if it's not possible to resolve a dispute by other means, as it can be costly and damaging to both sides. But the Magistrate ignored this evidence, concluding that the workers had 'danced to the tune of the ANC' and that by taking part in the strike they had furthered the aims of the banned organization. When all other options for amicable settlement of an industrial dispute have exhausted and negotiations with the employer have failed, the workmen resort to strike action. From railways to post - every strike planned ahead of Christmas . Strike makes an effect on the production in the industry . They had also failed to fill the factory with alternative labour. Management refused to deal with Hlongwana, instead labelling him an 'agitator', and then said that the only people they would negotiate with were 'Jimmy Bolton's union' from Durban and the Industrial Council for the Garment Workers. However, in such a strategic sector of the economy, it was inevitable that the full power of the state was brought in to crush their resistance. Industrial action will normally be protected industrial action if it is official action organised by your trade union in-line with the law. Even so-called work-to-rule, whereby the action may be in literal compliance with the terms of the contract of employment, but be in substance obstructive may be in breach of the employee's general obligation of good faith. Industrial action includes a picket at an employer's premises, a picket at the premises of the employer's suppliers or customers (known as secondary picketing), a strike, a work stoppage or a "work to rule" (i.e. For queries or advice about 60+ and Senior Citizen SmartPasses (which can be used to get concessionary travel on public transport), contactSmartpass - Translink. 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